Parts of Speech in English Grammar with Examples [PDF]
This article is a comprehensive guide on Parts of Speech in English Grammar.
Parts of Speech Definition:
In English grammar, words are generally divided into eight different classes or Parts of Speech according to the work they do in a sentence. These eight classes are called Parts of Speech.
Types of Parts of Speech:
In short, there are eight different types of parts of speech is there, and those are:
- Noun
- Pronoun
- Verb
- Adverb
- Adjective
- Preposition
- Conjunction
- Interjection
A Brief Overview of different Parts of Speech
As we already know that in English grammar there are eight basic parts of speech, let.s discuss them one by one.
Our first part of speech is Noun
A noun is specified as the name of a person, place or thing.
There are five kinds of nouns:
- Proper Noun
- Common Noun [External Link]
- Material Noun
- Abstract Noun
- Collective Noun [External Link]
A brief introduction of each Noun
Proper Noun:
A proper noun is the name of a particular place or person. For example, Dubai is the richest city, here Dubai refers to the name of a place so it is a proper noun.
Common Noun:
A common noun is specified as the name given in common to every person or thing. For example, The girl in my class.
Material Noun:
A material noun denotes the matter of the substance of the thing. For example, the house is built of wood.
Abstract Noun:
It is the name of a quality, action or state belonging to an object. For example, Darkness, movement, music, philosophy.
Collective Noun:
A collective noun is the name of a group of the collection of persons or things are taken together. For example, army, group, team, class, crowd.
For more details take a look at this article Noun in English Grammar.
A Must Watch Video Lesson on Noun:
The second Part of Speech is Pronoun
A pronoun is a word that replaces, relates or which is used instead of a noun or equivalent.
Pronouns are classified into ten types:
- Personal pronoun
- Impersonal pronoun
- Demonstrative pronoun
- Distributive Pronoun
- Indefinite pronoun
- Reciprocal pronoun
- Reflexive and Emphatic pronoun
- Relative pronoun
- Interrogative pronoun
- Possessive pronoun
A brief introduction of each Pronoun
Personal Pronoun:
It indicates any person while acting as a subject or an object. For example, I, we, they, you, he, she, him, her, our.
Impersonal Pronoun:
It indicates mainly non-living things. For example, it.
Demonstrative Pronoun:
It demonstrates any particular sense. For example, this, that, these, those, it, so, such.
Distributive Pronoun:
It distributes the sense of the subject or object. For example, each, every, either, neither.
Indefinite Pronoun:
It signifies the sense of the subject or object. For example, any, all, many, some, few, someone, anyone, none, anybody, nobody, everybody.
Reciprocal Pronoun:
It reciprocates between two or among more than two subjects and makes a complementary sense. For example, each other, one another.
Reflexive and Emphatic Pronoun:
It makes an extra emphasis on the main subject and is constructed with s ‘self’ word. For example, my self, herself, himself, themselves, yourself.
Relative Pronoun:
It relates the subject or object with another clause or part of the sentence. For example, who, which, what, that, whose, whom, anyone, none, anybody.
Interrogative pronoun:
It makes the sense of interrogation. For example, who, which, what, whom, whose.
Possessive pronoun:
It signifies a possession over any other person. For example, mine, ours, yours, his, its, theirs.
For more details check out my another article on Pronoun in English Grammar.
A Must Watch Video Lesson on Pronoun:
Our third Part of Speech is Verb
A verb is a word that states action, position or being.
There are seven types of verb:
- Finite verb
- Principal verb [External Link]
- Transitive verb
- Intransitive verb [External Link]
- Auxiliary verb
- Non-Finite verb [External Link]
- Infinite verb
Let’s talk about each verb
Finite Verb
These types of verb are restricted to the number and also to the persons. For example, I am a good boy.
Principal Verb
Principle verbs are the main verb of a sentence, it carries the sense, action, or state of a sentence. For example, I played football yesterday. In this sentence “Play” sate an action that I performed yesterday.
Transitive Verb
These types of verb are often used alone, with one or more objects in a sentence. For example, Ram played cricket.
Intransitive Verb
These types of verb do not allow with a direct object, that means you can not use this type of verb where an object is clearly mentioned. Example of this type of verb is ‘River flows’
Auxiliary Verb
These types of verbs are used to form tense, mood, aspect, modality, voice, etc. For example, Ram taking a shower.
Non-Finite Verb
By its name we can say these type of verb is not finite, that means these types of verb is not show their tense.
In English grammar non-finite verb are three types:
- Participle [External Links]
- Infinitive [External Links]
- Gerund [External Links]
If you want to learn about the verb in detail check out my another post Verb in English Grammar.
A Must Watch Video Lesson on Verb:
Our fourth Part of Speech is Adverb
An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb in a sentence. These are 9 kinds of an adverb.
- Adverb of time (Before, ago, lately, yet, soon, yesterday)
- Adverb of Manner (Slowly, so, soundly)
- Adverb of Place (Everywhere, down, near, away, etc.)
- Adverb of frequency (Once, seldom, rarely, usually)
- Adverb of affirmation and negation (Certainly, apparently, undoubtedly)
- Interrogative Adverb (Where, when, how, why, how often, how long)
- Relative Adverb (When, why, how)
- Adverb of degree (Almost, fully, very, enough, rather, really)
- Adverb of sentence (Surely, luckily)
Overview of each Adverb
Adverb of time:
These types of adverbs are basically denoting time i.e. tomorrow, yesterday, etc.
Adverb of manner:
This type of adverb denotes the way of doing things, i.e. slowly, fastly, lately, etc.
Adverb of place:
This type of adverb defines where the action of the verb happens, i.e. far, everywhere, etc.
Adverb of frequency:
These types of adverb define how often a thing happens, i.e. rarely, frequently, etc.
Adverb of affirmation and negation:
This type of adverb denotes a sentence that is true or in a negative sense or judgment, i.e. undoubtedly, certainly, etc.
Interrogative Adverb:
This type of adverb is used when the sense of the statement is an interrogation, i.e. where, why, how, etc.
Relative Adverb:
These types of adverb join sentences and clauses and also tell about the noun, i.e. why, which, etc.
Adverb of degree:
These types of adverb are denoting the sense or intensity of a thing that is happening, i.e. fully, almost, etc.
Adverb of sentence:
These types of adverb modify the sentences, i.e. surely, luckily, etc.
If you want to learn about the adverb in detail check out my another post on Adverb in English Grammar.
A Must Watch Video Lesson on Adverb:
Our fifth Part of Speech is Adjective
An adjective is a word which qualifies a pronoun or a noun. There are eight kinds of adjectives.
- Proper adjective (Asian, Chinese, American, Japanese, African)
- Adjective of quality (Good, bad, rich, poor, wise, great, hot, cold, warm)
- Numerical adjective (One, two, five, several, each, every, few, a few, fourth, very few, many)
- Adjective of quantity (All, any, much, some, half, full, whole, enough)
- Demonstrative adjective (This, that, these, those, such)
- Distributive adjective (Each, every, either, neither)
- Interrogative adjective (Which, what, whose)
- Possessive adjective (my, our, his, her)
To learn Adjective in detail check out my another post on Adjective in English Grammar.
A Must Watch Video Lesson on Adjective:
Our sixth Part of Speech is Preposition
A preposition is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to show its relation with other parts of speech in a sentence.
Prepositions are six types, those are:
- Preposition of Time (At, in, on, by, off, from, away, since, for, towards)
- Preposition of Place (At, from, within, without, inside, outside, in front of, on top of, beyond, between)
- Preposition of Possession (By, of, with)
- Prepositions of direction motion (To, at, from, round, across, against)
- Prepositions of cause, reason, and purpose (Of, for, with)
- Preposition of Agent, Manner or Method (In, on, for, by with, though)
Although prepositions are categorized in different ways like:
- Simple preposition
- Double preposition
- Disguised preposition
- Special preposition
- Appropriate preposition
Check out preposition in details here: Preposition in English Grammar.
A Must Watch Video Lesson on Proposition:
Our seventh Part of Speech is Conjunction
A conjunction is a word which is used to join words, phrases, clause, and sentences. There are three types of conjunction.
- Coordinating conjunction
- Subordinating Conjunction
- Correlative conjunction
Let me discuss these Conjunctions
Coordinating Conjunction
These types of conjunction join two sentences or clauses of the same kinds, i.e. but, like, etc.
Subordinating Conjunction
These types of conjunction used with subordinate clauses, i.e. because, lest, if, etc.
Correlative Conjunction
These types of conjunctions used in pairs, i.e. neither-nor, either-or, so-as, etc.
More on conjunction click here: Conjunction in English Grammar.
A Must Watch Video Lesson on Conjunction:
Our eighth Part of Speech is Interjection
An interjection expresses some sudden feeling of one’s mind. For example, Alas! We have lost the match. Hurrah! We won the match.
Some common interjections are Bravo, Hurrah, Alas, Oh, etc.
More on interjection: Interjection in English Grammar
A Must Watch Video Lesson on Interjection:
Conclusion:
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References [External Links]:
- Importance of the parts of speech – Really Learn English
- Parts of Speech – Open School BC